When storm clouds gather, and the wind howls in anger, the natural reaction for most people is to seek shelter. But some run toward the danger. Photographer Liu Yijing is one of that rare breed, as he captures and frames nature's wrath.
當(dāng)風(fēng)暴來襲，大多數(shù)人面對黑云壓頂、狂風(fēng)怒號的自然反應(yīng)是尋找避風(fēng)港，但有些人卻選擇奔向險境。風(fēng)暴攝影師劉屹靖就是這稀有人群中的一員，他用相機捕捉大自然的憤怒。
For the past year, Liu, 21, has traveled about 24,000 kilometers across 11 provincial-level administrative regions in China, chasing and recording thunderstorms. From the first signs－a stronger breeze developing into a gale, a turbulent sky, and birds fleeing－h(huán)e prepares for what appears to be a daunting task. In 2021, he took more than 48,000 time-lapse photos, showing Mother Nature at her most violent.
在過去一年里，21歲的劉屹靖途徑11個省，跨越2.4萬公里，追逐拍攝壯麗的風(fēng)暴。當(dāng)風(fēng)暴開始醞釀，微風(fēng)漸強、風(fēng)起云涌、鳥兒四散，劉屹靖已做好準(zhǔn)備，迎接這令人心驚膽戰(zhàn)的挑戰(zhàn)。2021年，他拍攝了超過4.8萬條照片和延時影像，展現(xiàn)了自然之母最暴力的一面。
Liu has received a great deal of recognition for his work. His photos captured a complete supercell structure that occurred in the Inner Mongolia autonomous region on Aug 22. This image has been picked as the cover photo for the May edition of Advances in Atmospheric Sciences, a key publication in its field.
劉屹靖的作品廣受贊譽。他用鏡頭捕捉到了8月22日發(fā)生在內(nèi)蒙古的一個完整的超級單體雷暴，該作品后被SCI期刊《大氣科學(xué)進展》五月專刊收錄為封面。
劉屹靖攝影作品被SCI期刊《大氣科學(xué)進展》?？珍洖榉饷?/p>
"It is a typical supercell and I still have a vivid memory about how thrilled I felt the moment it formed. While recording, I couldn't control myself and kept screaming," he says, adding that the picture and video have gone viral on the internet, even among meteorologists.
劉屹靖說：“那是一個典型的超級單體，我到現(xiàn)在還清楚記得，看見它形成的那一刻自己有多激動。拍攝的時候，我不停地尖叫，根本控制不住自己?！彼f，這些圖片和視頻在互聯(lián)網(wǎng)上瘋轉(zhuǎn)，連氣象學(xué)家也在轉(zhuǎn)發(fā)。
The term supercell is used by meteorologists to describe a type of long-lasting thunderstorm that rotates and is usually accompanied by dangerous weather conditions, including hail, damaging winds and sometimes tornadoes. It contains a deep and persistent rotating updraft called a mesocyclone.
氣象學(xué)家用“超級單體”來描述一種持續(xù)時間很長的旋轉(zhuǎn)型雷暴，它通常伴隨著惡劣天氣的出現(xiàn)，如冰雹、破壞力極強的狂風(fēng)，有時還有龍卷風(fēng)。超級單體擁有深厚、持續(xù)旋轉(zhuǎn)上升氣流的中氣旋。
He was invited in September to give a lecture on his storm-chasing experiences at Peking University's School of Physics. He appeared on popular Chinese talk show Day Day Up by Hunan Satellite TV in February. Invited as a guest cameraman, he worked on China Central Television's documentaryThe Power of Nature, which premiered in January.
去年9月，劉屹靖應(yīng)邀在北京大學(xué)物理學(xué)院作了一場關(guān)于追逐風(fēng)暴的講座。今年2月，他登上了湖南衛(wèi)視的《天天向上》。作為客座攝影師，他參與了今年央視紀(jì)錄片《自然的力量·大地生靈》的拍攝，該片于今年1月首映。
On social media platforms, such as Bilibili, Douyin and Sina Weibo, known as Range Sifang (Four Directions), he doesn't only want to show how awesome these natural phenomena are to witness, but also tries to explain the danger and how to minimize damage.
劉屹靖在B站、抖音、微博等社交媒體平臺上都有賬號（“Range四方”），他不但想展現(xiàn)這些令人敬畏的自然現(xiàn)象，也試圖向人們解釋這些自然現(xiàn)象背后的危險，以及如何將災(zāi)害降到最低。
Many social media users nicknamed him "storm chaser". A Sina Weibo user named Guanwaidelin comments that Liu's photos and videos show how amazing and powerful nature is and how insignificant humans are. Another, called Lucia Wei, says that before Liu, storm-chasing photographers were rarely heard of in China and that it is a career for those who are not only brave, but also armed with sufficient meteorological knowledge.
許多網(wǎng)友給他起了一個綽號，“追風(fēng)者”。一位名叫“關(guān)外的琳”的微博用戶說，劉屹靖的照片和視頻展現(xiàn)了大自然的偉力與壯美，也讓我們看到了人類的渺小。另一位名叫“Lucia Wei”的網(wǎng)友說，在劉屹靖之前，很少聽說過中國的風(fēng)暴攝影師，這是一個需要勇氣和足夠氣象知識的職業(yè)。
Gone with the wind
追風(fēng)少年
Born and raised in Nanchang, Jiangxi province, Liu became fascinated with thunderstorms as a child. His favorite picture book in kindergarten was one that illustrated the manifestation of different scales of wind. While his classmates in primary school watched animated shows, his favorite TV program was the daily weather forecast.
劉屹靖出生于江西南昌，從小就著迷于風(fēng)暴。上幼兒園的時候，他最喜歡的圖畫書講述的是不同的風(fēng)力。當(dāng)小學(xué)同學(xué)都在看動畫片的時候，他最愛看的是《新聞聯(lián)播》之后的天氣預(yù)報。
During junior middle school, he joined amateur meteorology groups on instant messaging program QQ, which attracted input from experts working in the field. This communication helped him study the subject intently. He read numerous books related to weather and climate and studied meteorological affairs online.
初中時，他加入了不少氣象學(xué)愛好者的QQ群，許多氣象學(xué)專業(yè)人士在這里發(fā)表觀點。這些交流對他在氣象領(lǐng)域的探索學(xué)習(xí)十分有益。他博覽天氣相關(guān)書籍，還在網(wǎng)上學(xué)習(xí)氣象學(xué)相關(guān)知識。
"I realized in senior middle school that meteorology was what I wanted to do," Liu says, adding that he opened his own account on social media to forecast weather and spread the science of meteorology.
劉屹靖說：“我高中時就意識到我想做的就是氣象專業(yè)?！彼€在社交媒體開設(shè)了賬號來預(yù)報天氣，傳播氣象學(xué)知識。
It was around that time he was diagnosed with chronic colitis, a bowel disorder, but he still managed to pass the national college entrance exam, yet failed to achieve a high enough score to get into his ideal school to study his dream major. On campus though he became interested in landscape photography and, in early 2020, he purchased some equipment, such as cameras and a drone, and opened a photo studio with a friend.
也是在那段時間，他患上慢性腸炎，但劉屹靖依然堅持參加了高考，只可惜分?jǐn)?shù)不夠，無法進入理想的學(xué)校學(xué)習(xí)他夢寐以求的大氣科學(xué)專業(yè)。大學(xué)期間，他開始對風(fēng)景攝影感興趣。在2020年初，他購置了相機和無人機等設(shè)備，和一個朋友成立了一間攝影工作室。
Again, fate dealt him a bad hand, as the COVID-19 outbreak interrupted the project and he returned home due to lockdown.
然而，突如其來的疫情再次給了他沉重的一擊，劉屹靖的項目被中斷，他自己也回到老家居家隔離。
Just as the old saying goes: "when one door closes, another opens", with Liu's studio plan delayed, he started thinking about what he was really interested in recording. The majesty of thunderstorms came to mind.
“當(dāng)上帝關(guān)了這扇門，一定會為你打開另一扇門。”工作室計劃被推遲了，劉屹靖開始思考自己真正想要拍的是什么，浩瀚的風(fēng)暴在他的腦海中浮現(xiàn)。
When a storm hit his hometown in 2020, Liu operated his drone to take a time-lapse video. This kick-started his career as a storm photographer.
2020年，一場風(fēng)暴襲擊他的家鄉(xiāng)，劉屹靖用無人機拍攝了一個延時攝影短片，開啟了他作為風(fēng)暴攝影師的職業(yè)生涯。
In July 2020, he went to Inner Mongolia for his first storm-chasing trip. The location was carefully chosen as, for Liu, the region meets three conditions for photographing storms: having flat prairie terrain with no valleys or mountains, being sparsely populated and with relatively low humidity.
2020年7月，他第一次遠赴內(nèi)蒙古追逐風(fēng)暴。這一拍攝地點是經(jīng)過精心挑選的，劉屹靖認(rèn)為這里符合拍攝風(fēng)暴的三個條件：草原地勢平坦、沒有山谷或山脈，人口稀少，以及濕度相對較低。
"A strong storm can move at a speed of 50 to 60 kilometers per hour, which means that if you want to catch its pace, the average speed of the car should be about 70 km an hour," Liu says, adding that, in crowded cities, it is almost impossible to drive that fast. On the wide-open prairies of Inner Mongolia, however, that is not the case.
劉屹靖說：“強風(fēng)暴的時速可以達到50-60公里，這意味著如果你想趕上它，汽車的平均時速要在70公里左右?！彼a充道，在擁擠的城市里，車開這么快幾乎是不可能的，但是在內(nèi)蒙古廣袤的草原上，就不一樣了。
"Dry air facilitates high visibility, enabling us to see storms forming even hundreds of kilometers away," he explains. "It is important for storm chasers to be able to predict a storm's direction."
“干燥的空氣意味著高能見度，這樣我們才能看到幾百公里外形成的風(fēng)暴。對追逐風(fēng)暴的人來說，能夠預(yù)測風(fēng)暴的方向是很重要的?！眲⒁倬附忉尩?。
Although his first attempt was not fruitful, on a second trip to Hulunbuir, Inner Mongolia, in August 2020, he took a photo that he treasures to this day.
雖然第一次嘗試以失敗告終，但2020年8月，劉屹靖第二次前往內(nèi)蒙古呼倫貝爾時，他拍攝到了至今仍然珍視的一張照片。
"It was a supercell evolving into a squall line. In front of it, there was a shelf cloud hanging in the air like an incredible long wall, rushing toward me. To capture the complete time-lapse video of it, I stayed until the last possible minute, the point when the gusts became too strong," Liu recalls. The wind speeds were beyond the top of the range, recorded at 24.5 to 28.4 meters per second. This was confirmed later when he listened to breaking news on the car radio.
劉屹靖回憶道：“那是一個正在演變成颮線的超級單體，前面懸著一團架子云，像一堵無比長的墻向我撲過來。為了拍到這段完整的延時攝影作品，我一直留到了最后一分鐘，直到狂風(fēng)猛烈到讓我無法堅持?！碑?dāng)時風(fēng)力已經(jīng)超過十級 （24.5-28.4米/秒），這一點在他后來收聽汽車廣播突發(fā)新聞時得到了證實。
The strong wind smashed one of his cameras and Liu had to grab hold of the roof rack on his off-road vehicle so that the wind would not blow him away. The gale lasted about five minutes before the hail descended with a venom.
當(dāng)時，大風(fēng)砸碎了他的一臺相機，劉屹靖必須拼命抓住越野車頂?shù)男欣罴芤苑乐棺约罕淮底摺？耧L(fēng)持續(xù)約五分鐘后，冰雹就狠狠地砸了下來。
"Although it was dangerous, the images and videos gave me confidence and encouragement that I can handle storm photography as a lifelong career in China," Liu says.
劉屹靖說：“盡管很危險，但這些照片和視頻讓我有自信和勇氣，把風(fēng)暴攝影當(dāng)作自己的終身事業(yè)。”
For him, a safe distance for shooting is between 5 km and 10 km away from a storm. He always emphasizes in his posts that storm photography is quite dangerous, warning people not to take unnecessary risks.
對他來說，拍攝風(fēng)暴的安全距離在5-10公里。他總是在帖子中強調(diào)，風(fēng)暴攝影非常危險，大家不要冒不必要的風(fēng)險。
Beauty and the beast
美與暴力
A storm may be, in a sense, beautiful, as nature displays its raw power. But, for farmers and herdsmen, it is a question of their crops, herds and livelihoods potentially being wiped out.
從某種意義上說，風(fēng)暴是美麗的，因為它展現(xiàn)了大自然的原始力量。但對于農(nóng)民和牧民來說，一場風(fēng)暴會把他們的作物、牲畜和生計摧毀殆盡。
Liu learned this lesson during one of his trips to Ulaanqab, Inner Mongolia, in 2020. After shooting for about five minutes, he heard a strange sound that was not the wind, rain or thunder. He felt an unknown danger and called to his driver, and the pair clambered into the car just in time. Within seconds, hailstones, about the size of ping-pong balls, started hitting the car's roof. If they had been exposed to them, they would have suffered serious injury.
這是劉屹靖2020年在內(nèi)蒙古烏蘭察布學(xué)到的教訓(xùn)。那天，拍了約五分鐘后，他聽到了一種奇怪的聲音，不是風(fēng)，不是雨，也不是雷聲。他預(yù)感到了一種未知的危險，立刻叫著司機鉆進車?yán)?。幾秒鐘后，乒乓球大小的冰雹就砸到了車頂上。如果他們還在車外，一定會被砸出重傷。
That night, Liu encountered a herdsman. When he heard that Liu was a storm photographer, he got upset, saying that photographers like Liu should direct their lens toward the damage caused by storms. The herdsman, in tears, told Liu that the hail ruined his harvest.
那天晚上，劉屹靖遇到一個牧民。牧民一聽說劉屹靖在拍風(fēng)暴，臉色立刻變了，他說，你們這些攝影師應(yīng)該多拍拍風(fēng)暴造成的災(zāi)害。牧民流著淚告訴劉屹靖，他快要豐收的莊稼全被冰雹砸壞了。
"It was the first time that I really reflected on the relationship between nature and humans. Although I have read a lot about the damage and injuries caused by thunderstorms in books and reports, they are just figures and numbers, and I couldn't really feel the pain," Liu says.
“這是我第一次認(rèn)真思考人與自然的關(guān)系。雖然我在書上和新聞里看到很多風(fēng)暴災(zāi)害，但那些只是數(shù)據(jù)，我無法真正感受其中的痛苦，”劉屹靖表示。
"Previously I was just purely attracted by the storms－their astonishing beauty－but these herdsman's words made me realize that these things that I love can mean disaster for others," Liu says.
他說：“我以前純粹是被風(fēng)暴超脫現(xiàn)實的美所吸引，但是牧民的話讓我意識到，我愛的這種美對其他人來說可能意味著災(zāi)難?！?/p>
As a result, he decided to do something that will help people further understand meteorology and its influence on daily life.
因此，他決定做一些事，幫助人們科普氣象知識及其對日常生活的影響。
In August, he posted a six-minute video, introducing Climate Change 2021: The Physical Science Basis, an annual report of the UN's Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change.
2021年8月，劉屹靖發(fā)布了一個6分鐘的視頻，解讀了聯(lián)合國政府間氣候變化專門委員會發(fā)布的氣象報告《氣候變化2021：自然科學(xué)基礎(chǔ)》。
Based on his own experiences, Liu says in the post that last year, for him, was a harvest year, which indicates that there was an increase in extreme weather events in China. Many strong tornadoes and some extremely heavy rainfall hit big cities such as Wuhan, Hubei province; Suzhou, Jiangsu province; and Zhengzhou, Henan province.
結(jié)合自己的經(jīng)驗，劉屹靖在視頻中說，去年他在攝影上收獲很大，但這也意味著中國的極端天氣增加了。許多強龍卷風(fēng)和一些特大暴雨襲擊了湖北武漢、江蘇蘇州、河南鄭州等大城市。
Last year alone, 42 heavy downpours and 47 strong convective weather events, including tornadoes, were recorded, according to the China Emergency Information website, run by the Ministry of Emergency Management.
據(jù)中國應(yīng)急管理部運營的中國應(yīng)急信息網(wǎng)統(tǒng)計，僅去年一年，我國就發(fā)生了42次強降雨過程和47次包括龍卷風(fēng)在內(nèi)的區(qū)域性強對流天氣過程。
劉屹靖科普視頻下的網(wǎng)友留言
At the end of the video, he calls on everyone to take action to restrain climate change and protect our planet.
在視頻的結(jié)尾，劉屹靖呼吁大家采取行動，遏制氣候變化，保護我們的地球。
"Through my videos, I hope more people will learn more about extreme weather events and be prepared before they occur," Liu says.
“我希望更多的人能夠通過我的視頻進一步了解極端天氣，未雨綢繆。”
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編輯：左卓
記者：王茜
實習(xí)生：張夕
錄音：Stephanie Stone
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